Guide to ASTM F1554 Grade 36 Anchor Bolts in Construction
January 7, 2026
Imagine the foundations of skyscrapers or the sturdy supports of bridges—all relying on the silent work of anchor bolts. Compromised bolt quality could lead to catastrophic consequences. This article provides an in-depth examination of ASTM F1554 Grade 36 anchor bolts, covering material properties, applications, and selection criteria to ensure engineering safety.
ASTM F1554 Grade 36 anchor bolts are low-carbon steel fasteners that play a critical role in construction and structural engineering. Known for their cost-effectiveness and excellent weldability, they are widely used to secure structures to concrete foundations. These standardized bolts typically range from 1/2 inch to 4 inches in diameter. In August 2007, they replaced ASTM A307 Grade C anchor bolts as the primary standard for low-carbon steel anchors.
Manufactured from A36 steel—a common low-carbon steel with good weldability and ductility—Grade 36 anchor bolts meet the following mechanical specifications:
- Tensile Strength: 58-80 ksi (400-552 MPa)
- Yield Strength: Minimum 36 ksi (248 MPa)
- Elongation: Minimum 23%
- Reduction of Area: Minimum 40%
These properties ensure sufficient strength and toughness under tension and shear loads, maintaining structural integrity.
To enhance corrosion resistance, Grade 36 anchor bolts typically receive one of these surface treatments:
- Plain Black: No treatment, suitable for dry, non-corrosive environments.
- Mechanically Galvanized: Zinc applied mechanically for moderate corrosion protection.
- Hot-Dip Galvanized: Immersion in molten zinc creates a thick coating for harsh or humid environments.
The bolts' excellent weldability facilitates connections to steel structures or metal components. Common configurations include:
- Double-End Threaded Rods: Threads on both ends—one for structural connection, the other for concrete embedment—often welded with nuts or anchor plates for increased pullout resistance.
- Headed Anchor Bolts: Larger head surface area enhances pullout resistance; anchor plates may be welded if additional strength is required.
Proper welding techniques and materials are essential to ensure joint integrity.
ASTM F1554 permits additional testing to elevate quality control:
- S2: Permanent manufacturer identification (e.g., stamped markings) on the exposed bolt end, supplementing the standard blue paint coding.
- S3: Permanent grade marking ("36") on the exposed end for material identification.
These requirements must be specified in purchase orders or contracts.
Suppliers may substitute weldable Grade 55 bolts for inventory or cost reasons. Engineers must evaluate this carefully, as Grade 55's higher strength could affect structural design.
| Grade | Surface | Size (in) | Recommended Nut (ASTM A563) | Washer (ASTM F436) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36 | Plain or Galvanized | 1/2 - 1-1/2 | Grade A, Hex | Type A, Hex |
| 1-5/8 - 4 | Grade A, Heavy Hex | Type A, Heavy Hex |
Grade 36 anchor bolts are used in diverse structural applications:
- Buildings: Securing steel columns, beams, and walls.
- Bridges: Fixing bearings and piers.
- Equipment Foundations: Anchoring machinery and pipe supports.
- Transportation Infrastructure: Mounting signage and guardrails.
When purchasing Grade 36 anchor bolts:
- Verify ASTM F1554 compliance and certifications.
- Select appropriate dimensions and lengths per design loads.
- Choose surface treatments based on environmental conditions.
- Inspect for defects like cracks or rust.
- Confirm grade and manufacturer markings (blue paint or stamps).
- Request material test reports and mechanical property documentation.
ASTM F1554 Grade 36 anchor bolts are indispensable in modern construction. By understanding their properties, performance criteria, and selection factors, engineers and procurement specialists can make informed decisions to ensure structural safety. Rigorous adherence to standards during specification, installation, and inspection is paramount for project success.